Cardiac Arrest بالتفصيل ????????????

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Cardiac arrest is a sudden and unexpected loss of heart function, breathing, and consciousness. It is a medical emergency that, if not treated immediately, usually results in death.


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???? What Happens During Cardiac Arrest?

The heart suddenly stops beating effectively.

Blood stops flowing to the brain and other vital organs.

Breathing may stop within seconds.

The person collapses and becomes unresponsive.



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⚠️ Signs and Symptoms

Sudden collapse

No pulse

No breathing

Loss of consciousness

Sometimes: chest pain, dizziness, palpitations, or shortness of breath before collapse



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???? Causes

Heart conditions (most common): coronary artery disease, heart attack

Arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular fibrillation)

Cardiomyopathy

Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low potassium or magnesium)

Severe blood loss or oxygen deficiency

Drug overdose or poisoning



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???? Immediate Treatment (What to Do)

Call for emergency help immediately (e.g., 911).

1. Start CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)

Push hard and fast in the center of the chest (100–120 compressions per minute).

If trained, provide rescue breaths.



2. Use an AED (Automated External Defibrillator)

If available, use as soon as possible.

It can analyze the heart rhythm and deliver a shock if needed.





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???? Hospital Management

Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS)

Defibrillation

Oxygen and ventilation support

Medications (like epinephrine, amiodarone)

Identifying and treating the underlying cause



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???? Survival and Prognosis

Time is critical. Each minute without CPR and defibrillation reduces survival by 7–10%.

With prompt treatment, survival is possible and may be followed by neurological recovery if the brain was not deprived of oxygen for too long.



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Would you like:

An infographic for easy reference?

A deeper explanation of CPR steps?

Details on how cardiac arrest differs from a heart attack?
Category
Cardiology
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