ECG Basics | Axis | Basic Electrocardiogram (ECG) Made Easy | Cardiology

Are you looking for a Cardiology lecture that covers ECG Basics? Then welcome!

We have made a video focusing on Basic Electrocardiogram (ECG) approaches and how could you read them for your EKG USMLE Exam or perhaps any other board exam!

Let us get started to learn ECG Basics in the smartest and fastest way possible!

Why Do We Need to Learn ECG?

Learning an ECG can be hard but an important aspect for determining several abnormalities during common practice in the ER and Cardiology department. ECG or EKG in simple words is the measurement of electrical conduction of the heart and how it stimulates heart activity. ECG step-by-step procedure is discussed in the video!

▬ ???? How are ECG Basics Established? ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Well, we all are familiar with the SA node that conducts these electrical impulses and sends them toward the rest of the heart. Now these impulses form certain pattern and follow certain mechanisms that leads to Atrial and ventricular Depolarization and Repolarization of the heart! The same phenomenon is measured with the Waves of ECG of the heart.

▬ ???? Waves of ECG Step by Step ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
ECG is measured by placing 12 leads on certain areas of our body. PQRST waves of ECG represent each conductive impulse happening in the heart. The method of ECG is a topic for another day so let us get to know what waves a Basic ECG produces:
???? P wave: Cause Atrial Depolarization
???? PQ wave: Time taken From AV node to Purkinje Fibres
???? QRS Wave: Cause Ventricular Depolarization
???? T wave: Cause Ventricular Repolarization
???? QRS Complex: Diminished Atrial Repolarization occurs here

▬ ???? 12 Leads ECG Basics ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
There are 12 leads in total out of which, each of the leads represents a specific location and conduction of the heart. 12 leads ECG basics will be discussed further in the video! These Leads are named as follows:
???? Lead I, II, and III: Left side leads
???? avF, avL, avR: Limb Leads
???? V1-V6: Precordial Leads

Learn about their functions and reading techniques in the 12 Leads ECG Basics Video!

▬ ???? Speed of Electrical Activities ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Normal speeds of electrical activities are:
⚫️ SA node: 60-100 bpm
⚫️ AV node: 40-60 bpm
⚫️ Bundle of His: 25-40 bpm
⚫️ Bundle Branches: 25-40 bpm
⚫️ Purkunje Fibres: 25-40 bpm

▬ ???? Axis in ECG ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
The positive and negative wave of Lead I and Lead aVF determines the Axis as follow:
???? Lead I (+), Lead aVF (+): Normal Axis
???? Lead I (+), Lead aVF (-): Left Axis Deviation (LAD)
???? Lead I (-), Lead aVF (+): Right Axis Deviation (RAD)
???? Lead I (-), Lead aVF (-): Extreme Axis

▬ ???? Intervals in ECG ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
There are 3 intervals produced and the basic ECG. U-wave ECG is also specifically touched. Their prolongation and shortage cause certain syndromes that are discussed in this video so, do not forget to watch!

So that is it! Now you have got your ECG notes! I Hope the EKG Basics will not be an issue for you anymore! Reminding you once more, you can also find basic ECG interpretation PowerPoint to boost your understanding, in the “Resources “tab!

But learning is not over yet!

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