What It MEANS When You Have LUMPS In Your Scrotum | Urologist explains

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What happens when the scrotum starts to swell? In this educational video, board-certified urologist from Göttingen, Dr. med. Dr. phil. Stefan Buntrock explores the most common differential diagnoses of scrotal masses, helping you understand testicular lumps and their causes. Swelling or lumps in the scrotum can be concerning, but a systematic approach, similar to identifying birds in ornithology, can help distinguish between different conditions.
The most frequently encountered scrotal swelling is a hydrocele, a fluid-filled sac surrounding the testicle. It is typically painless and harmless, often diagnosed using ultrasound or the simple flashlight transillumination test. Another benign testicular mass is a spermatocele, a fluid-filled cyst in the epididymis that usually goes unnoticed unless it grows large enough to cause discomfort. While neither hydroceles nor spermatoceles are dangerous, surgical removal might be considered if they become problematic.
On the other hand, testicular cancer is a serious condition, usually affecting young men between 15 and 35 years old. Unlike benign scrotal lumps, testicular cancer presents as a hard, lumpy mass that progressively enlarges. Ultrasound imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing this condition, and early detection is essential.
Another common finding is a varicocele, which is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum, typically on the left side. While often asymptomatic, it can be associated with fertility issues, which may require medical intervention.
A scrotal emergency that requires immediate attention is testicular torsion, where the testicle twists on its axis, cutting off blood supply. This is an extremely painful condition that must be treated promptly to avoid permanent damage. Epididymitis, an infectious inflammation of the epididymis, can also cause pain and swelling, often accompanied by fever. Since testicular torsion and epididymitis can present similarly, urgent medical evaluation is necessary.
This video is part of a medical and educational series on testicular health. It doesn’t replace a medical consultation. For any personal health problems, please turn to your local physician. If you found it helpful, please like, subscribe, and comment to support the channel and stay informed about urological health.

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