Arterial Supply of the Heart

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Arterial Supply of the Heart
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The arterial supply of the heart is provided by the right and left coronary arteries ????, which are the first branches of the ascending aorta ????, arising just above the aortic valve from the right and left aortic sinuses ????. These arteries travel in the atrioventricular (coronary) sulcus ???? and give off several critical branches to supply the myocardium, conduction system, and pericardium ????⚡. The right coronary artery (RCA) ???? runs in the right coronary sulcus, giving off the sinoatrial (SA) nodal branch ???? (in 60% of people), right marginal artery, and posterior interventricular artery ????️ (also known as PDA – posterior descending artery in right dominant hearts). It supplies the right atrium, right ventricle, part of the left ventricle (inferior surface), SA node, and AV node. The left coronary artery (LCA) ❤️, which is typically larger, divides early into the left anterior descending artery (LAD) ➡️ and left circumflex artery (LCx) ????. The LAD runs in the anterior interventricular groove, supplying the anterior wall of both ventricles, the interventricular septum, and the apex of the heart ????, while the LCx runs in the left atrioventricular groove, supplying the left atrium and lateral/posterior walls of the left ventricle ????. Coronary dominance (right, left, or co-dominant) is determined by which artery gives rise to the posterior interventricular artery. Clinical relevance includes coronary artery disease (CAD) ????, leading to myocardial infarction (MI) ❤️‍????, which usually involves occlusion of the LAD – famously known as the “widow maker”. Detailed knowledge of coronary anatomy is crucial for angiography ????, bypass surgeries (CABG ????️), and ECG interpretation ⚡.

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Category
Cardiology
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