Heart Valve Disease - Yale Medicine Explains

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For more information on structural heart disease or #YaleMedicine, visit: https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/structural-heart-disease

The heart has four chambers and four heart valves (the aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves). They must open and close in harmony for blood to flow in the proper direction. When a structural abnormality affects the functioning of one of the heart’s valves, it is called heart valve disease.

There are two common types of structural defects that affect heart valves:
- Regurgitation or “leaky” valve. Some structural abnormalities can interfere with a valve’s ability to completely close. In these cases, blood regurgitate, or leak, back into one of the heart’s chambers.
- Stenosis. This refers to the narrowing of one of the heart’s valves, making it more difficult for blood to flow through it. This can reduce the amount of blood that is pumped to organs and tissue around the body.

Some structural problems may never require treatment, although they will need to be monitored throughout a patient’s life. Some patients may benefit from medication. For example, a doctor may prescribe warfarin, a common blood thinning medication, if blood clots pose a particular risk for a patient. Often, people with structural heart disease are treated with surgery. In a growing number of cases, however, cardiologists treat structural heart defects through catheter-based approaches, which provide a minimally invasive alternative to surgery. For these procedures, the doctor inserts a catheter into a blood vessel, often in the groin, though other areas of the body may be used. The doctor guides the catheter through the blood vessel to the heart. Through the catheter, the doctor is able to either repair or replace the defective valve. Yale Medicine’s Structural Heart Program was the first integrated program of its kind in Connecticut dedicated to the care of adult patients with complex structural heart and valve disease. It is the largest program of its kind in the state and has been recognized as a national leader in the field, treating an increasing number of complex cardiac conditions through catheter-based and minimally invasive procedures.The program is known for its percutaneous (through the skin) valve program, including aortic, mitral, and pulmonary valve procedures. The physicians at Yale Medicine have led multiple national and international studies that have led to recent advances in the field, and they continue to pioneer new strategies for these transcatheter therapies.

0:00 Heart Valves
1:11 Heart Valve Disease
2:03 Treating Valve Disease
Categoria
Cardiology
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