How Clinical Trials Can Lead to AYA Brain Tumor Treatments at Yale School of Medicine

49 Visioni

  • Grazie! Condividilo con i tuoi amici!

    Non hai gradito questo video. Grazie per il feedback!

admin
Published
For more information on Ranjit Bindra & Asher Marks or #YaleSchoolOfMedicine, visit:
https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/ranjit-bindra or https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/asher-marks.

Brain tumors have a high likelihood of reoccurrence even after treatment. One reason is because of a process known as the DNA Damage Response (DDR). DDR is a set of processes that detect and repair DNA damage in cells to maintain the proper function of the cell. PARP enzymes are essential for the repair process as they bind to the site of damage and become activated. After treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy DNA damage occurs within the cancer cells. The DDR system is then engaged within those cancer cells to maintain their DNA integrity. This malfunction in the system is caused by a mutation within our DNA. Brain tumors have different mutations which drive their growth. Understanding those mutations is a method of delivering targeted therapy to the unique tumor type. Dr. Bindra’s lab discovered that tumors with IDH1/2 mutations were poor at repairing damaged DNA, especially after being dosed with chemotherapy. By introducing a PARP inhibitor, a drug that blocks the PARP enzyme, the IDH1/2 mutated cells could not perform their DNA Damage Response. This resulted in the brain cancer cells dying at a high rate in an adult clinical trial. During this time it was discovered that 30-40% of adolescents with high-grade gliomas harbored the IDH1/2 mutation. Pediatric clinical trials can be quite difficult to get started and even more so for adolescents and young adults (AYA). AYA gliomas are rare, and those with IDH1/2 mutations even rarer it can be difficult to recruit patients. The Yale team partnered with Pacific Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Consortium (PNOC) to cast a wider net of patients to treat with this method. Funding can also be difficult for these trials as the patient population is so small. The Yale team applied for rapid funding from CureSearch for Children’s Cancer, which supports innovative research likely to be clinically successful. With their support they went from bench to clinic in under 18 months. Not only did the findings from this trial impact the patients in the trial but it provided evidence that it could be used to treat other types of brain tumors.
Categoria
Oncology
Commenta per primo questo video.

Prossimo